Migraine  (偏头痛)

偏头痛是一种常见的、使人衰弱的神经系统疾病，其特征是反复发作的中度至重度头痛，通常呈搏动性或搏动性，且常局限于头部一侧。偏头痛主要分为两类：先兆偏头痛和无先兆偏头痛。相关症状包括恶心、呕吐、畏光、畏声、头晕、视觉障碍（例如视力模糊或出现盲点）以及面部或四肢刺痛或麻木等感觉现象。偏头痛被认为是由异常脑活动引起的，且与遗传因素密切相关，影响着超过3900万美国人，女性患病率更高。偏头痛会严重影响生活质量，可持续数小时至数天，且常因体力活动而加重。

Migraine is a common, debilitating neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of moderate to severe headache, typically throbbing or pulsating and often localized to one side of the head. It is classified into two main types: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Associated symptoms include nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, dizziness, visual disturbances such as blurred vision or blind spots, and sensory phenomena like tingling or numbness in the face or extremities. Migraines are believed to result from abnormal brain activity and have a strong genetic component, affecting over 39 million Americans, with a higher prevalence in women. The condition significantly impacts quality of life and can last from hours to days, often worsening with physical activity.

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