ホウ酸亜鉛 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～微褐色、結晶性粉末～粉末
用途
樹脂充てん剤,難燃剤,難燃助剤(化学工業日報社)
応用
亜鉛ボレートはその独特の性質から様々な産業分野で広く使用されています耐火性能を必要とする建材や紫外線による劣化を防ぐ必要があるプラスチック製品さらには防腐性能が求められる木材の処理剤としての利用が挙げられますまたゴム製品の補強材料としても使用され製品の耐久性や性能を向上させることができます
展望
今後亜鉛ボレートはさらに多くの産業での利用が期待されています特に環境保護や持続可能な開発が重要視される現代においてその環境への低影響性と優れた性能は新たな応用分野を開拓する可能性を秘めています研究開発の進展によりより効率的な製造方法や新しい用途の開発が進められることが期待されます
主な用途／役割
無機物系難燃剤、単独で効果はなく、酸化アンチモンの一部を置き換えて使用。
化学的特性
亜鉛ボレートは化学式で表されるZn3BO32という化合物ですこの物質は亜鉛とホウ素の化合物の一つであり特に耐火性材料顔料ゴム製品の補強材としての応用が見られます亜鉛ボレートの独特な化学的および物理的性質は多岐にわたる産業での利用を促進しています
化学的特性
White, amorphous powder. Soluble in dilute acids; slightly soluble in water.
Nonflammable.
特性
Zinc Borate is a Boron based flame retardant compatible with many polymeric matrices. It is effective both in the solid phase and in the gas phase and its strong smoke suppressing action, helps to improve time of rescue in case of fire.
Zinc Borate is a multifunctional flame retardant:
promotes the formation of a protective vitreous layer and of a strong char layer, which reduces the formation of toxic and irritant smoke during the fire
It looses its water of hydration at temperatures above 290°C, cooling the front of the flames and subtracting energy to the fire
It acts as a synergist in conjunction with halogenated compounds, so that lower loadings of halogenated flame retardant additives are needed
It shows a strong synergic effect with antimony trioxide; in presence of alumina trihydrate (ATH) the synergic effect is enhanced
It improves resistance against electrical degradation: high anti-arcing and anti-tracking indexes
It is an afterglow suppressant.
使用
Zinc borate is prepared as an insoluble double salt from water-soluble zinc and boron compounds. Compounds having varying amounts of zinc, boron, and water of hydration are available. The ratio of these components affects the temperature at which the flame-inhibiting powers are activated, as well as the temperature at which they can be processed. Zinc borates can either be used alone or in combination with other halogen synergists, such as antimony oxide. In some instances zinc borate is also used with alumina trihydrate to form a glass-like substance that inhibits polymer degradation.
主な応用
zinc borate is primarily used as a flame retardant in plastics and cellulose fibers, paper, rubbers and textiles. It is also used in paints, adhesives, and pigments. As a flame retardant, it can replace antimony trioxide as a synergist in both halogen-based and halogen-free systems. It is an anti-dripping and char-promoting agent, and suppresses the afterglow. In electrical insulator plastics it suppresses arcing and tracking.
In halogen-containing systems zinc borate is used together with antimony trioxide and alumina trihydrate. It catalyzes formation of char and creates a protective layer of glass. Zinc catalyzes the release of halogens by forming zinc halides and zinc oxyhalides.
In halogen-free systems, zinc borate can be used together with alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, or ammonium polyphosphate. When burning the plastics, a porous borate ceramic is formed that protects the underlying layers. In presence of silica, borosilicate glass can be formed at plastic burning temperatures.
As the partial, or completely EPA approved substitute for containing halogen and other flame retardants, zinc borate is being directly applied to a wide range of plastics and rubber processing such as PVC, PE, PP, and to enhance polyamide, PVC resin, polyphenylene ethylene, epoxy resin, polyester resin, acid ethylene and natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, and chloroprene rubber. It can also be applied to the production of paper, fiber fabric, decorative panels, floor leather, wallpaper, carpet, ceramic glaze, fungicides, and paint production to improve flame retardant performance.
調製方法
Zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O) in general is produced with the reaction between zinc oxide and boric acid. Boric acid is solved in water between temperatures 95ºC and 98ºC and zinc oxide and seed crystal of 2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O is added to this solution at a certain stoichiometric ratio. The reaction continues for a while by mixing and the zinc borate formed is filtered, dried and ground. The boric acid solution is fed to the system as reflux.
化学性质
耐火性高温環境下での安定性が高く防火材料としての用途に優れています防腐性木材や繊維製品に使用される際防腐剤として機能し材料の耐久性を向上させます紫外線保護紫外線を吸収する能力があり塗料やプラスチック製品の紫外線劣化を防ぐために利用されます
生産方法
亜鉛ボレートの製造過程は主に亜鉛塩とホウ酸またはホウ酸塩を反応させることによって行われますこの化学反応により亜鉛ボレートが生成され後処理を経て製品としての形態に仕上げられます製造過程は比較的シンプルであり高度な技術を必要としませんが品質管理と環境保護の基準には細心の注意が払われます
工業用途
zinc borate (2ZnO-3B2Ovl5H2O) has a greater flame retardancy than borates used alone.
Zinc compounds perform most of their flame retardant function in the condensed phase. Zinc is used with boron in the form of zinc borate, and with molybdenum in the form of zinc molybdate. Zinc borate can also be used as a flame retardant and smoke suppressant with different polymers. In the case of zinc borate, 2ZnO.3B203.3.5H20, water given off can promote the formation of a cellular char which can act as a good insulator in protecting the underlying polymer or substrate. Moore studied the effects of zinc borate on smoke reduction and flame retardancy of PVC. He reported that smoke generation can be suppressed by over 40% by proper combination of additives without an adverse effect on flame retardancy. The use of zinc borate as a flame retardant and smoke suppressant alone or with other additives, e.g. Sb203, or AI(OH)3, has found wide application in the plastics industry.
ホウ酸亜鉛 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品