97-59-6 (尿囊素,Allantoin)

反应条件：

1.1 Solvents: Acetic acid , Water ; 10 min, rt; 2 - 3 h, rt

参考文献：

Synthesis of sulofenur analogs as antitumour agents: Part II

Youssef, Khairia M.; Al-Abdullah, Ebtihal; El-Khamees, Hamad, Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2003, 11(9), 481-503

合成路线：1 步

_92%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Dowex 50W-X8 Solvents: Water ; 17 h, 343 K

参考文献：

Heterogeneous catalysis in the synthesis and reactivity of allantoin

Cativiela, Carlos; Fraile, Jose M.; Garcia, Jose I.; Lazaro, Beatriz; Mayoral, Jose A.; et al, Green Chemistry, 2003, 5(2), 275-277

合成路线：1 步

_89%

反应条件：

1.1 Solvents: Water ; 12 h, 90 °C

参考文献：

Preparation method of allantoin for cosmetic with catalyst of solid superacid WO3/Al2O3-ZrO2 and Fe-based solid ionic liquid composite

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

107-22-2

_89%

反应条件：

1.1 Reagents: Nitric acid ; 5 h, 41 °C
1.2 Catalysts: Tin , Cobalt , Bismuth , Sulfuric acid ; 4 h, 75 °C

参考文献：

Catalytic preparation method of allantoin bases on tin dioxide-based composite/sulfuric acid composition

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_89%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Tin tetrachloride , Hydrochloric acid , Starch , Dodecanoic acid, bismuth(3+) salt (3:1) Solvents: Water ; 30 min, pH 5, 25 °C
1.2 Reagents: Potassium hydroxide ; 6 h, 20 °C
1.3 25 °C → 230 °C; 35 min, 230 °C; 230 °C → 390 °C; 3 h, 390 °C
1.4 Catalysts: Sulfuric acid ; 10 h, pH 3
1.5 4 h, 75 °C

参考文献：

Preparation method of allantoin catalyzed by tin dioxide-based complex/sulfuric acid composition

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_89%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Phosphoric acid , Sulfuric acid Solvents: Ethanol , Tetrahydrofuran , Water ; rt → 75 °C; 4 h, 75 °C

参考文献：

Study on synthesis of N-(2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea (allantoin)

Pei, Lei; Liu, Fusheng; Yu, Shitao, Qingdao Keji Daxue Xuebao, 2008, 29(2), 106-109

合成路线：1 步

_88%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Sulfamic acid , Sulfuric acid Solvents: Water ; 6 - 8 h, 65 °C; 6 - 8 h, 0.06 MPa, 65 °C

参考文献：

Preparation method of environmentally-friendly high-yield allantoin

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_88%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Molybdenum oxide (MoO3) , Zirconium dioxide , Cerium oxide (Ce2O3) Solvents: Water ; 8 h, 90 °C

参考文献：

Preparation method of allantoin for cosmetics

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_86%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Sulfuric acid , Boric acid (H3BO3) ; 4 h, 75 °C

参考文献：

Ferric oxide based composite/sulfuric acid/boric acid composition for catalytic preparation of allantoin and its preparation method

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

496-46-8

_86%

反应条件：

1.1 Reagents: Hydrogen peroxide Catalysts: Cupric chloride Solvents: Water ; 4.5 h, 65 - 75 °C

参考文献：

Study on synthesis of allantoin

Truong, Phuong; Le Thi, Ngoc Trang; Dang, Thi Kieu Nga, Tap Chi Duoc Hoc, 2010, 50(12), 38-43

合成路线：1 步

_85%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Molybdenum oxide (MoO3) , Niobium pentoxide , Zirconium dioxide ; 14 h, 80 °C

参考文献：

Method for preparing allantoin by using solid super acid/cobalt-based ionic liquid composite catalyst and its application in cosmetic

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_85%

反应条件：

1.1 Reagents: Hydrochloric acid , Nitric acid Catalysts: Zinc oxide (ZnO) (titanium dioxide-based composite solid) , Copper oxide (CuO) (titanium dioxide-based composite solid) , Zinc chloride , Niobium pentachloride , Titania (titanium dioxide-based composite solid) , Silver oxide (Ag2O) (titanium dioxide-based composite solid) ; 4 h, 75 °C

参考文献：

Preparation method of allantoin catalyzed by titanium dioxide-based composite solid catalyst

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

107-22-2

_82%

反应条件：

1.1 Reagents: Hydrogen peroxide Catalysts: Tungsten hydroxide oxide phosphate Solvents: Water ; 60 - 90 min, 40 °C; 90 min, 60 °C

参考文献：

Synthesis method of allantoin

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_82%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Phosphoric acid , Sulfuric acid Solvents: Ethanol , Tetrahydrofuran ; 4 h, rt → 75 °C

参考文献：

Study on synthesis technology of glyoxylic acid fine chemicals

Zhang, Shuxin, Advanced Materials Research (Durnten-Zurich, 2012, (2012), 573-574

合成路线：1 步

_80%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Sulfuric acid , Ammonium bisulfate Solvents: Water ; rt → 68 °C; 12 h, 68 °C

参考文献：

Method for synthesis of allantoin

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_77%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Sulfamic acid Solvents: Water ; 7 h, 60 °C

参考文献：

Process for preparation of allantoin

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_76%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: 1-Methyl-3-(4-sulfobutyl)imidazolium hydrogen sulfate Solvents: Water ; rt → 50 °C; 6.5 h, 50 °C → 68 °C

参考文献：

Process for synthesis of allantoin

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

107-22-2

_75%

反应条件：

1.1 Reagents: Nitric acid ; 5 h, 41 °C
1.2 4 h, 75 °C

参考文献：

Hydrothermal synthesis of large-size allantoin crystals

, China, , ,

合成路线：1 步

_75%

反应条件：

1.1 Catalysts: Lanthanum sesquioxide , Titanium tetrachloride ; 3 h, 73 - 75 °C

参考文献：

Synthesis of allantoin by SO4+2%∓/TiO2-La+3++ rare-earth solid superacid

Jin, Huafeng; Xiang, Jiming; Li, Baozhang, Huaxue Yanjiu Yu Yingyong, 2003, 15(3), 381-382

合成路线：1 步

5760-06-5

_75%