In this study, CuMoO₄, MoS₂-nanospheres and CuMoO₄/MoS₂-nanoparticle forest-like structures have been prepared using a controllable simple one step hydrothermal method. The specific capacitance was studied by using different electrochemical methods including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies in 3 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. The results show that this unique nanoparticle forest-like structure merits superiorities such as large surface area, more accessible active sites, better infiltration/diffusion, high conductivity and high electrochemical/mechanical stability. The CuMoO₄/MoS₂-nanoparticle forest-like structures can achieve a relatively high specific capacitance of 1115.5 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 2 A g⁻¹ with a stable operational voltage of 0–0.5 V and a good capacitance retention of 90.42% at a current density of 4 A g⁻¹ after 3000 cycles. The electrochemical properties are attributed to the good electrical conductivity, redox properties and synergistic effect of the two (CuMoO₄ and MoS₂) materials. This work demonstrates that the CuMoO₄/MoS₂ composite is a promising electrode material for next-generation high-performance supercapacitor applications.