Competitive formation of homocircuit [3]rotaxanes in synthetically useful yields in the bipyridine-mediated active template CuAAC reaction†
Edward A. Neal,Stephen M. Goldup
Chemical Science Pub Date : 02/03/2015 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C4SC03999H
Abstract

We recently identified competitive formation of doubly interlocked [3]rotaxanes as the origin of the non-linear variation in yield of [2]rotaxane with macrocycle size in the bipyridine-mediated AT-CuAAC reaction. Selection of reaction conditions gave [2]rotaxanes in essentially quantitative yield in all cases and hard to access doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes in up to 50% yield in a single, four component coupling. Based on the effect of macrocycle structure on the reaction outcome we propose a detailed mechanism of [3]rotaxane formation.

Graphical abstract: Competitive formation of homocircuit [3]rotaxanes in synthetically useful yields in the bipyridine-mediated active template CuAAC reaction