A hybrid anode integrating enzymatic hydrolysis of starch by glucoamylase and non-enzymatic oxidation of glucose by gold nanoparticles is presented to achieve an efficient cascade energy conversion from starch. The as-prepared biofuel cell shows a maximum power output of 91.4 μW cm−2. This enzymatic/non-enzymatic hybrid strategy can be employed to develop other polysaccharide or oligosaccharide fuel cells in which glucose oxidation is involved.
