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Facile synthesis of a high electrical and ion conductivity junction-less 3D carbon sponge electrode for self-standing lithium ion battery anode†
Jyunichiro Abe,Yuta Kobayashi,Koki Kawase,Mizuki Tenjimbayashi,Seimei Shiratori
RSC Advances Pub Date : 02/08/2018 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C7RA12759F
Abstract

Lithium ion batteries (LIB) are the most extensively researched and developed batteries. Currently, LIBs are used in various applications such as electric vehicles (EV), hybrid EVs (HEV), plug-in HEVs, and energy storage systems. However, their energy density is insufficient and further improvement is required. In this study, we propose the facile synthesis of a self-standing, junction-less 3D carbon sponge electrode (3DCS) for improving the energy density. A self-standing structure can improve the energy density by reducing non-active materials such as binders and current collectors, in electrodes. We use a kitchenware melamine sponge as the carbon precursor. The utilization of materials mass-produced by existing facilities is crucial for ensuring availability and low costs. Such characteristics are imperative for industrialization. These self-standing 3DCS electrodes, fabricated using available low-cost melamine sponges, demonstrate high charge-rate characteristics with a capacity retention of 81.8% at 4000 mA g−1 and cycle durability with 95.4% capacity retention after 500 cycles, without current collector, binder, and conductive additives. This high availability, low-cost material with excellent characteristics is beneficial for research institutions and companies that do not have facilities.

Graphical abstract: Facile synthesis of a high electrical and ion conductivity junction-less 3D carbon sponge electrode for self-standing lithium ion battery anode
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