Fast TiO2-catalyzed direct amidation of neat carboxylic acids under mild dielectric heating†
E. Calcio Gaudino,D. Carnaroglio,M. A. G. Nunes,L. Schmidt,E. M. M. Flores,C. Deiana,Y. Sakhno,G. Martra,G. Cravotto
Catalysis Science & Technology Pub Date : 02/17/2014 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C4CY00038B
Abstract

The development of green protocols for amide bond formation is a major socioeconomic goal for chemical and pharmaceutical industries and an important challenge for academic research. We herein report a protocol for the quantitative conversion of carboxylic acids and amines to form amides at 100 °C in the presence of a TiO2 powder catalyst, under monomodal microwave irradiation. The sustainability of the process appears to be augmented by the ease with which the catalyst is recycled.

Graphical abstract: Fast TiO2-catalyzed direct amidation of neat carboxylic acids under mild dielectric heating