In the past decade, the synthesis of sugar-based ionic liquids (SILs) from natural sugars has been described as a promising strategy. This is due to their natural abundance in large quantities, besides the availability of plenty of other sustainable resources. The current environmental emergency has impelled researchers to look for inexpensive, low-cost, and sustainable resources obtained through environmentally friendly routes to produce novel sugar-based ionic liquids (SILs) for the fields of organic synthesis and catalysis. This review provides a concise synopsis of all the SILs reported to date on their synthesis and application in organic synthesis, organocatalysis, and chiral recognition.