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Structural isomerism in tris-tolyl halo-phosphonium and halo-arsonium tri-halides, [(CH3C6H4)3EX][X3], (E = P, As; X = Br, I)†‡
Fatma B. Alhanash,Nicholas A. Barnes,Stephen M. Godfrey,Paul A. Hurst,Adrian Hutchinson,Rana Z. Khan,Robin G. Pritchard
Dalton Transactions Pub Date : 04/23/2012 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C2DT30235G
Abstract

The group 15 ligands (o-CH3C6H4)3P, (m-CH3C6H4)3P, (p-CH3C6H4)3P, Ph3As, (o-CH3C6H4)3As and (p-CH3C6H4)3As have been reacted with two equivalents of di-iodine or di-bromine to yield complexes of formula R3EX4 (E = P, As; X = I, Br). These halogenated group 15 compounds are ionic, [R3EX][X3] consisting of halo-phosphonium or halo-arsonium cations and trihalide anions. These adducts exhibit structural isomerism and may exist either as simple 1 : 1 ion pairs, [R3EX][X3], isomer (A), which display a weak X⋯X interaction between cation and anion, or as a 2 : 1 complex, which consists of a [{R3EX}2X3]+ cationic species made up of two [R3EX]+ cations interacting with one [X3] anion. The overall charge is balanced by a second [X3] anion. These 2 : 1 species also exhibit structural isomerism due to subtle differences in the connectivity of the [{R3EX}2X3]+ fragment, as the {R3EX}+ units may either interact at the same end of the [X3] ion, to give a Y-shaped motif, isomer (B), or at opposite ends, giving a Z-shaped motif, isomer (C). The type of structural isomer formed is related to the way in which [Ar3EX]+ cations pack together via aryl embraces. Isomer (A) and (C) structures form chains of side-to-side, anti-parallel embracing cations. In (A) and (C) structures a square-like stacking motif of cations is observed. In contrast, isomer (B) structures feature side-to-side, parallel embracing cations, and do not exhibit the square motif.

Graphical abstract: Structural isomerism in tris-tolyl halo-phosphonium and halo-arsonium tri-halides, [(CH3C6H4)3EX][X3], (E = P, As; X = Br, I)
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