We introduce individual nanoporous Au nanowire (AuNW) as a tunable one-dimensional platform for plasmon-enhanced fluorescence, with an enhancement factor of ∼62, which is ∼8-fold higher than that of smooth AuNWs. Besides, nanoporous AuNWs have much lower background emission than smooth AuNWs. These results indicate that nanoporous AuNWs are an excellent optical sensing platform.