An efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of pyridines and 1,4-dihydropyridines based on chemoselective multicomponent reactions. Using readily available aldehydes, malononitrile and primary aliphatic amines, this procedure provides a divergent but straightforward access to a wide range of fully substituted pyridines and dihydropyridines via a primary amine based chemoselective strategy. Simple reaction procedure, good yields, mild reaction conditions, applicabilility to a wide range of substrates with the aid of chemoselectivity make this present protocol more innovative than existing ones.