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The gradient distribution of Ni ions in cation-disordered Li[Ni1/2Mn3/2]O4 clarified by muon-spin rotation and relaxation (μSR)
Kazuhiko Mukai,Yutaka Ikedo,Kazuya Kamazawa,Jess H. Brewer,Eduardo J. Ansaldo,Kim H. Chow,Martin Månsson,Jun Sugiyama
RSC Advances Pub Date : 06/04/2013 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C3RA40878G
Abstract

Cation-ordered Li[Ni1/2Mn3/2]O4 with a P4332 space group (CO-LNMO) and “cation-disordered” (CDO) LNMO are thought to be the state-of-the-art materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, in contrast to CO-LNMO, the crystal structure and electrochemical reaction scheme of CDO-LNMO are not fully understood. We have measured the muon-spin rotation and relaxation (μSR) spectra for samples of both CO-LNMO and CDO-LNMO, in particular at their magnetic transition temperatures (TC) below 130 K. The weak transverse field (wTF) μSR measurements reveal that the range of TC for the CDO-LNMO sample is very large (ΔTC ∼ 55 K) compared with that for the CO-LNMO sample (ΔTC < 5 K). This suggests an inhomogeneous cation distribution in the CDO-LNMO sample, because the sample consists of multiple phases with different TC. Based on the wTF-μSR result for stoichiometric LiMn2O4, we have proposed that CDO-LNMO is a mixture of Li[Ni1/2−ωMn3/2+ω]O4 and LiMn2O4.

Graphical abstract: The gradient distribution of Ni ions in cation-disordered Li[Ni1/2Mn3/2]O4 clarified by muon-spin rotation and relaxation (μSR)
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