Mild fabrication of anisotropic metal–lipid nanotube (LNT) nanocomposites, in which Au nanoparticles of 3–10 nm wide are organized in a glycolipid nanotube hollow cylinder, has been achieved by filling the internal channel of the LNT with HAuCl4 aqueous solution by capillary force and subsequent photochemical reduction of [AuCl4]−.