Non-toxic indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by the solvothermal method and then embedded into dental resin to tune the emission color of the resin. Cell viability was investigated with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay to evaluate biological applications. The results clearly indicate that employing InP QDs in creating dental resin composites allows for the fabrication of restorative materials with biocompatible fluorescence properties.