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On the role of additives in alkyl–alkyl Negishi cross-couplings†
George T. Achonduh,Niloufar Hadei,Cory Valente,Stephanie Avola,Christopher J. O'Brien,Michael G. Organ
Chemical Communications Pub Date : 03/19/2010 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C002759F
Abstract

An additives study for the alkyl–alkyl Negishi reaction using an NHC–Pd catalyst revealed that bromide salts promote coupling while the cation is mechanistically benign. A double titration revealed that the cross-coupling begins at a 1 ∶ 1 ratio of LiBrnBuZnBr, suggesting that a higher-order zincate, presumably LimZn(nBu)Br3(2−m)−, is the active transmetalating agent.

Graphical abstract: On the role of additives in alkyl–alkyl Negishi cross-couplings
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