Covering: 1999 to August 2009. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2000, 17, 117

In the review period, 97 new representatives of Stemona alkaloids were described, bringing the total reported so far to 139. In this review, we discuss their isolation, structural elucidation, structural classification, biological activities, semi-synthesis and total syntheses. These alkaloids are classified into seven groups displaying either a pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine or a pyrido[1,2-a]azepine core, and a miscellaneous group comprising those alkaloids without these structural motifs, together with those that are the sole representative of a new group.