Innovative composite shear walls (ICSW) with multi-partition steel tubes and concrete have been increasingly used for improving seismic performance in engineering structures. However, limited research has focused on the interface bond behavior between steel tubes and concrete. This study aimed to investigate experimentally the bond performance through seven ICSW specimens subjected to push-out tests. The influences of the effective width-to-thickness ratio and adjacent cavity restriction conditions on the bond strength are discussed. It was found that the bond strength increased with a decrease in the effective width-to-thickness ratio of the steel tubes, and the adjacent cavity restriction condition had a slight influence on the bond strength. To determine peak bond strength, the simplified calculation formulas that considered the influence of the effective width-to-thickness ratio were developed. A theoretical bond-slip model for predicting the bond-slip behavior of multi-partition steel tubes and concrete was proposed, which was verified to be acceptable by comparison with the test results. The present study could provide the valuable data for engineering applications of ICSW structures.