A new type of nonpowered airflow dust removal device was designed and manufactured. The dust control mechanism was studied through numerical simulation and experimental study, and the influence of the length of the nonpowered airflow dust removal device and the belt speed of the conveyor on the dust removal effect was analysed. The results showed that the dust removal effect was positively correlated with the length of the dust removal device and the belt speed of the conveyor. To verify the dust control effect, the field application was carried out at Anhui Huayi Chemical Co., LTD, and an obvious dust control effect was obtained with the dust concentration reducing from 227.3 mg/m3 to 8.3 mg/m3.