We have realized a B(C₆F₅)₃-catalyzed three-component tandem reaction of naphthoquinone, indole and maleimide, which has broad adaptability of substrates and good compatibility of functional groups, and synthesized 33 examples. After photophysical characterization, we found that parts of these compounds have excellent photophysical properties, the value of relative quantum yield is up to 0.98, and surprisingly, compound 4j has the ability to selectively recognize alkali carbonates.