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Current-controlled nickel-catalyzed multi-electrophile electroreductive cross-coupling†
Shentong Xie,Yuqing Yin,Ya Wang,Jiannan Wang,Xiaoqian He,Ruopeng Bai,Renyi Shi
Green Chemistry Pub Date : 01/23/2023 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/D2GC04427G
Abstract

The electroreductive cross-electrophile coupling which has emerged as a powerful, green and efficient method for constructing challenging C–C bonds has attracted increasing attention from organic chemists. Most of the previous works focus on direct two-electrophile cross-coupling. In this work, the nickel-catalyzed three-electrophile electroreductive cross-electrophile coupling which offers direct convergent synthesis to target molecules from easily-available and cheap substrates has been developed. A wide range of alkyl aryl ketones are accessed from alkyl halides, aryl iodides and propyl chloroformate under mild conditions, avoiding the use of over-stoichiometric reductants, excess quantities of additives and activators, and superstoichiometric CO gas or metal carbonyl complexes which are toxic, environmentally unfriendly and can be inconvenient to handle. The scale-up experiment indicates the good scalability of electrosynthesis compared to traditional synthesis. High chemo-selectivity can be achieved through an increase in the current. Mechanistic investigation suggests that the electron transfer rate from the cathode to Ni catalysts plays a vital role in this protocol. Our approach demonstrates a novel electrochemical selectivity-controlled strategy in cross-electrophile coupling.

Graphical abstract: Current-controlled nickel-catalyzed multi-electrophile electroreductive cross-coupling
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