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Common xanthene fluorescent dyes are visible-light activatable CO-releasing molecules†
Lucie Ludvíková,Mária Šranková,Rafael Navrátil,Lucie Muchová,Jiří Huzlík,Peter Šebej
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Pub Date : 11/03/2022 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/D2OB01823C
Abstract

Fluorescein, eosin Y, and rose bengal are dyes used in clinical medicine and considered (photo-)chemically stable. Upon extensive irradiation with visible light in aqueous solutions, we found that these compounds release carbon monoxide (CO) – a bioactive gasotransmitter – in 40–100% yields along with the production of low-mass secondary photoproducts, such as phthalic and formic acids, in a multistep degradation process. Such photochemistry should be considered in applications of these dyes, and they could also be utilized as visible-light activatable CO-releasing molecules (photoCORMs) with biological implications.

Graphical abstract: Common xanthene fluorescent dyes are visible-light activatable CO-releasing molecules
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