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Utilization of methanol for condensation interrupted chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of CC, CO, and CN bonds under low catalyst loading†
Anirban Sau,Divya Mahapatra,Sadhan Dey,Dibyajyoti Panja,Saghnik Saha,Sabuj Kundu
Organic Chemistry Frontiers Pub Date : 03/29/2023 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/D3QO00308F
Abstract

Selective transfer hydrogenation (TH) of unsaturated molecules using methanol is challenging as the in situ generated formaldehyde is prone to react with the active methylene (C-methylation) or amine (N-methylation) core of the desired product. In this work, an effective protocol is demonstrated for the selective transfer hydrogenation of C[double bond, length as m-dash]C and C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bonds in α,β-unsaturated ketones and the C[double bond, length as m-dash]N bond in imines using methanol. Under a considerably lower catalyst loading (0.1–0.5 mol%), an electron-rich bifunctional Ir-catalyst showed prominent catalytic activity towards a wide variety of substrates. Remarkably, α,β-unsaturated ketones were directly transformed into alcohols via double TH of C[double bond, length as m-dash]C and C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bonds. The TH of electron-withdrawing substrates was more favourable than that of electron-donating ones as reflected by a Hammett study. Numerous kinetic studies and DFT calculations were carried out to understand this catalytic process.

Graphical abstract: Utilization of methanol for condensation interrupted chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of C [[double bond, length as m-dash]] C, C [[double bond, length as m-dash]] O, and C [[double bond, length as m-dash]] N bonds under low catalyst loading
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