Selective transfer hydrogenation (TH) of unsaturated molecules using methanol is challenging as the in situ generated formaldehyde is prone to react with the active methylene (C-methylation) or amine (N-methylation) core of the desired product. In this work, an effective protocol is demonstrated for the selective transfer hydrogenation of C
C and C
O bonds in α,β-unsaturated ketones and the C
N bond in imines using methanol. Under a considerably lower catalyst loading (0.1–0.5 mol%), an electron-rich bifunctional Ir-catalyst showed prominent catalytic activity towards a wide variety of substrates. Remarkably, α,β-unsaturated ketones were directly transformed into alcohols via double TH of C
C and C
O bonds. The TH of electron-withdrawing substrates was more favourable than that of electron-donating ones as reflected by a Hammett study. Numerous kinetic studies and DFT calculations were carried out to understand this catalytic process.
![Graphical abstract: Utilization of methanol for condensation interrupted chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of C [[double bond, length as m-dash]] C, C [[double bond, length as m-dash]] O, and C [[double bond, length as m-dash]] N bonds under low catalyst loading](http://hg.y866.cn/compound/lib/scimg/usr/1/D3QO00308F.jpg)