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Molecular engineering of nanoscale order in organic electro-optic glasses†
Scott R. Hammond,Jessica Sinness,Sara Dubbury,Kimberly A. Firestone,Jason B. Benedict,Zdzislaw Wawrzak,Olivier Clot,Philip J. Reid,Larry R. Dalton
Journal of Materials Chemistry Pub Date : 02/24/2012 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C2JM14915J
Abstract

The rational design of bulk nanoscale order in organic electro-optic materials, where the strong dipole–dipole interactions tend to dominate over the weaker forces exploited for self-assembly processes, remains an attractive yet elusive goal. Towards this end, a series of pseudo-discotic dipolar nonlinear optical chromophores have been synthesized and fully characterized. Theoretical guidance and an iterative molecular design process have succeeded in engineering long-range nanoscale order in organic electro-optic glasses. Small-angle thin-film X-ray diffraction experiments demonstrate a self-assembled lamellar morphology in a majority of these materials. Cryogenic crystallography, using a synchrotron X-ray source, afforded the structure of a representative system. This structure, in concert with thin-film X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy, and refractive index experiments elucidated the nanoscale order in the films. Application of these materials in electro-optics is discussed.

Graphical abstract: Molecular engineering of nanoscale order in organic electro-optic glasses
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