Data on the electrochemical activation of various reactions involving organometallic compounds are generalised. Primary attention is devoted to the key types of transformation that can be performed using electrochemical electron transfer, namely, redox activation of 16- and 18-electron complexes of transition metals as the first step of a broad range of reactions, electrocatalysis, mediator processes, and electrosynthesis of compounds containing carbon–metal σ-bonds. The bibliography includes 188 references.