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Boosting photobioredox catalysis by morpholine electron donors under aerobic conditions†
Leticia C. P. Gonçalves,Hamid R. Mansouri,Shadi PourMehdi,Erick L. Bastos,Marko D. Mihovilovic,Florian Rudroff
Catalysis Science & Technology Pub Date : 04/23/2019 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C9CY00496C
Abstract

Light-driven reduction of flavins, e.g. FAD or FMN, by sacrificial electron donors emerged as a convenient method to promote biocatalytic transformations. However, flavin activation has been restricted to oxygen-free conditions to prevent enzyme deactivation caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we show that the photoreduction of FMN by morpholines, including 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS), lessens the deactivation of the enoate reductase XenB from Pseudomonas sp. during the stereoselective asymmetric enzymatic reduction of a model α,β-unsaturated diketone under aerobic conditions, leading to a 91% GC-yield and a stereoselectivity greater than 94%. The kinetic stability of the thermolabile XenB was increased by more than 20-fold in MOPS buffer compared to that in Tris-HCl buffer, and a pronounced positive effect on the transition midpoint temperature was observed. The reactive form of the FMN photocatalyst is stabilized by the formation of a 3[FMN˙–MOPS˙+] ensemble, which reduces the formation of hydrogen peroxide and other ROS in the presence of oxygen. These results contribute to broaden the application of photobiocatalytic transformations using flavin-dependent reductases.

Graphical abstract: Boosting photobioredox catalysis by morpholine electron donors under aerobic conditions
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