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Black anatase titania enabling ultra high cycling rates for rechargeable lithium batteries†
Masaru Kikuchi,Chong Seung Yoon,Hitoshi Yashiro,Sun-Jae Kim,Bruno Scrosati
Energy & Environmental Science Pub Date : 06/26/2013 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C3EE41960F
Abstract

In this work we report the synthesis and the characterization of black anatase TiO2. We show that this material displays a nanostructured architecture, with an electro-conducting trivalent Ti. The presence of trivalent Ti in this structure narrows the inherent high band gap energy to a semiconductor level, reaching a value as low as 1.8 eV, resulting in the very high electrical conductivity of 8 × 10−2 S cm−1. These extraordinary electro-conducting physical properties ensure an ultra fast Li+ insertion into and extraction from the host structure of anatase TiO2 making it a unique, high rate electrode, delivering at a 100 C-rate (20 A g−1) a discharge capacity of 127 mA h (g-TiO2)−1 with approximately 86% retention during 100 charge–discharge cycles at 25 °C and approximately 84% retention at −20 °C.

Graphical abstract: Black anatase titania enabling ultra high cycling rates for rechargeable lithium batteries
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