A number of polymethine dyes based on a BODIPY nucleus annelated with a pyridone ring have been synthesized. The merocyanines of this series are long-wavelength and intensive dyes. Obtained for the first time, asymmetrical anionic boradipyrromethenecyanines are also interesting from another viewpoint. These compounds are able to exist in several equilibrium forms which belong to polymethine or boradipyrromethene chromophoric systems. This results in the appearance of multicomponent bands in absorption and fluorescence spectra that may be used in the design of dual fluorescent probes.