In this research, an efficient and reusable magnetic metal–organic framework (MOF) catalyst has been developed with a core–shell structure. Afterwards, the chemical and physical structures of the catalyst have been confirmed completely and successfully by different analyses such as FT-IR, TEM, SEM, SEM mapping, HR-TEM, TEM mapping, EDX, XRD, TGA, ICP, BET and VSM. This magnetic copper MOF based catalyst was able to catalyze the synthesis of propargylamine derivatives via a three-component reaction of alkynes, aldehydes and amines with good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Besides, due to the superparamagnetic properties of this prepared catalyst, it can be simply separated from the reaction mixture and reused for a number of times without any decrease in catalytic activity.