Cost-effective of 20 wt.% Al2O3-7YSZ TBCs were designed achieving desirable corrosion resistance against CMAS and CMAS + NaVO3 salt (abbreviated as CN). NaVO3 addition decreased the melting point, viscosity and improved the wettability of CMAS deposits, thereby promoting globular zirconia formation and interior infiltration in the TBCs. Further, compared to conventional 7YSZ TBCs, Al2O3 addition effectively mitigated CMAS- and CN-induced corrosion that the initial melt spread and the subsequent infiltration toward the coating interior were constrained. This was because Al2O3 dissolution into the CMAS/CN melt modified its thermophysical properties, inducing the dense stacking of the interfacial reaction product of anorthite.

A new designing idea was proposed for the high corrosion-resistance magnesium (HCR Mg) alloy based on dissolution-ionization-diffusion-deposition (DIDD) model. HCR Mg alloy consists of low-alloying element (LA) and micro-alloying element (MA), characterized as “Mg-LA-MA” alloying system. The downwards-magnifying effect of MA-LA-Mg on the nucleation played a key role in achieving passivation behavior. The designed HCR Mg alloy (Mg-3Nd-1Gd-0.6In) showed superior corrosion resistance (near AA2024 alloy) and good mechanical performance (UTS, 259.30 ± 0.27 MPa). Overall, a universal way for designing new alloy systems with superior corrosion resistance was proposed, promising for future applications.

Two Al alloys with 1 and 3 at% Co were prepared by arc-melting of Al and Co in argon. The corrosion behavior of the as-cast alloys was studied in a NaOH aqueous solution (0.01 M). Furthermore, a hydrogen evolution was investigated by volumetric measurements. The results were compared with pure Al. The alloy with 1% Co was the least corrosion resistant and evolved most hydrogen. The presence of Al9Co2 in the eutectic facilitated hydrogen evolution and contributed to corrosion activation. The results can be used for the design of Al-Co alloys for hydrogen generation.

A high-throughput method was proposed to screen coating fillers with both good corrosion-sensing and inhibition performances. SiO2 nanoparticles loaded with different percentages of phenanthroline (Phen) and 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (HDMIC) were prepared (Ph-HD@SN) using a multi-channel synthesis instrument. The corrosion-sensing ability of different Ph-HD@SN to detect Fe2+ ions can be determined by spectrophotometric method within 30 s. The corrosion inhibition effect of Ph-HD@SN was evaluated by visual assessment and quantification of iron dissolution from carbon steel in NaCl solutions containing different nanoparticles. The optimized Ph-HD@SN was incorporated into epoxy coating to achieve the corrosion-sensing and self-healing properties.

This study examines the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of the Fe39Mn20Co20Cr15Si5Al1 (at.%) high entropy alloy in a salt solution at room temperature. The research employs slow strain-rate tensile tests and advanced analytical techniques, such as electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), to understand the SCC behavior. Results show that the alloy has a high susceptibility to SCC. The TEM analysis supports a slip-step dissolution model for SCC. The EBSD results suggest that cracks form at boundaries between martensite and austenite phases and propagate through interphase and inter-variant boundaries. Reducing such boundaries may mitigate the alloy's SCC susceptibility.

The immersion method leading to the formation of nano-dispersion of Gd2O3 on the surface of Alx(CoCrFeNi)100−x alloys (x = 3; 6; 9) is used to improve their corrosion resistance in air at 900 °C. Gd-modified samples’ mass gains are greatly reduced and scales’ spallation is nearly suppressed during thermal cyclic oxidation. Scales of the modified samples are much simpler, consisting mainly of Cr2O3, and spinel precipitates, with very low thickness (<5 µm) even after long exposures. Analysis of the oxidation products confirms the radically different oxidation behavior of the modified samples, proving the effectiveness of the reactive elements effects in HEAs.

The effect of silty sand on the dynamic mechanism of corrosion products formed on carbon steel in a CO2 environment containing 3.5 wt% NaCl and 0.1 wt% NaHCO3 is investigated. Silty sand has a dual effect on the corrosion products structure. First, silty sand presents on the surface, and embeds in the Fe3C network. Then, silty sand delays the FeCO3 precipitation, and changes the FeCO3 crystals growth manner and structure. Silty sand decreases active surface area, but this effect is less significant than FeCO3 precipitation. Consequently, silty sand first alleviates, then promotes general corrosion rate, while always alleviates localized corrosion.

Following the construction of a dataset of cross-category corrosion inhibitors at different concentrations based on 1241 data from 184 research papers, a performance prediction model incorporating 2D-3D molecular graph representation and corrosion inhibitor concentration information was established. This model was shown to effectively predict the inhibition efficiency (IE) of different categories of corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution. The model was also able to predict IEs of corrosion inhibitors at different concentrations. The results demonstrated that 3D features of corrosion inhibitors, especially those of large molecules, had a significant impact on the prediction precision of IEs.

In this work, uniaxial creep tests under 300, 350 and 380 MPa were performed to study the synergy of stress and corrosion in a 12Cr ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steel exposed to static liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) at 550 °C. The results showed that LBE had a strong degradation effect especially under low-oxygen condition, leading to drastic acceleration of creep deformation as compared to that in air. Although oxide scales, such as magnetite, Fe-Cr spinel and chromium oxide, could slow down crack initiation and propagation, this effect is load and oxygen concentration dependent. The overall creep behavior is governed by multiple competing mechanisms.

The porous C/C skeleton was optimized by introducing double-carbon matrix and applied to prepare C/C-SiC-(ZrxHf1−x)C composites by the reactive melt infiltration method. The microstructure and ablation behaviors of the C/C-SiC-(ZrxHf1−x)C composites were investigated. Results show that the double-carbon matrix design effectively refined the pore structure and promoted the generation of ceramics carbide phases. The C/C-SiC-(ZrxHf1−x)C composites exhibited favorable ablation performance in 1700–2200 ℃ and the mass ablation rates decreased by 50%, 58% and 68% compared to those prepared by PyC-filled C/C. The component differences led to various surface thermal response temperatures, which resulted in different ablation behaviors of C/C-SiC-(ZrxHf1−x)C composites.

The microstructure and corrosion resistance evolution of 316 L heat-affected zone were studied by simulated welding thermal technology. The different thermal simulation parameters affected the ferrite content and grain boundary characteristics. The ferrite content and grain boundary characteristics in thermal simulation samples were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Combining the electrochemical test, it was observed that the Cr-depleted zone existed at the austenite/ferrite interface and the high angle grain boundary (HAGB) of the austenite interface usually became the nucleation point of pitting corrosion.

This study investigated the hot corrosion behavior of N5 in molten sulfate at 850 ℃ after different peroxidation treatments. The preoxidation was conducted at 900, 1000 and 1100 ℃ for 20 and 100 h, respectively. The preformed oxide scale featured a multilayered structure and varying degrees of Ta oxides. Among all, the samples preoxidized at 900 ℃ exhibited the highest corrosion resistance. But a porous structure with a large number of internal oxides and sulfides was observed when preoxidized at 1000 and 1100 ℃. The alloy without preoxidation directly reacted with the molten salt to form a porous structure with internal oxides and sulfides.

The corrosion behaviors of Cr-coated zirconium alloy (Zr-0.9 Nb) tube were investigated in 70 ppm Li and 3.5 ppm Li+ 1000 ppm B aqueous solutions at 360 °C/18.6 MPa by static autoclave tests, respectively. Results show that Cr coating improves the corrosion resistance of Zr-0.9 Nb under LiOH and Li+B conditions. The corrosion products of Cr coating were Cr2O3 and Cr(OH)3, while the Cr2O3 was more easily transformed into Cr(OH)3 under LiOH conditions. Some of the Cr(OH)3 dissolved in the late stage of corrosion, resulting in the thinning of the oxide film.Data availabilityThe raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time due to technical or time limitations.

The local corrosion behaviour and the mechanism of a low-Sn bronze alloy segregation area were studied. The results showed that segregation has a higher Sn content but a lower surface potential than the dendritic stem, forming a microregion galvanic couple, which not only induces corrosion initiation, but also accelerates the corrosion of the segregation region. In contrast, the corrosion products of the dendrites were mainly Cu2O and SnO2, while the segregation gradually changed from Cu2O and SnO2 to Cu(OH)2, Cu2(OH)2CO3 and Cu2(OH)3Cl, which provided poor protection against local metals. The late pitting effect also accelerated corrosion in the segregated area.

The chemical durability of Nd-doped UO2 samples was studied using an innovative macro-/microscopic dual approach method. The starting precursor was first prepared by a hydroxide co-precipitation route leading to a nano-sized powder associated to high specific surface area. The powder was then converted into U0.8Nd0.2O2±y solid solution by calcination. After shaping of the oxide powder into the pellet form through uniaxial pressing at 500 MPa, the pellets were sintered at 1600 °C under inert (Ar) or reducing (Ar-4%H2) atmosphere. At the macroscopic scale, multiparametric dissolution tests were carried out under static conditions in 2 mol.L−1 HNO3 at 60 °C. Simultaneously, an operando monitoring of the solid/liquid interface evolution during dissolution was also performed by ESEM at the microscopic scale, in order to follow the consequences of the dissolution on the ceramics microstructure. This dual approach was validated by comparing the calculated normalized dissolution rates obtained for each series of experiments. Changing the sintering atmosphere did not appear to significantly affect the dissolution kinetics of Nd-doped UO2 samples at the macroscopic scale whereas notorious differences in the dissolution mechanisms have been highlighted at the microscopic scale by ESEM monitoring solid/liquid interface.

In this article, we reveal that the optimal annealing temperature for DSS 2205 differs between acidic and neutral NaCl environments, rendering the limitation of utilizing pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) to optimize annealing temperature. Elevating the annealing temperature leads to a better corrosion resistance of ferrite phase in the activation zone through Ni redistribution. In acidic NaCl systems, the optimal annealing temperature for DSS 2205 is co-governed by the Ni content and PREN. This conclusion offers a guidance for heat treatment process of DSS to be used in acidic environments.

This study elucidated the corrosion behavior of Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni-2Al-xZr (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt.%) alloys utilizing electrochemical techniques and first-principles calculation. Results revealed that the Zr addition refined the lamellar α phase, and the corrosion resistance was monotonically enhanced by increasing the Zr content. The corrosion morphologies indicated that the β phase was more susceptible to corrosion than the α phase possessing a higher Volta potential and work function. The oxide film of the surface acted as a major corrosion influence factor instead of the microstructure of the matrix in determining the corrosion performance of Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni-2Al-xZr alloys.

Two sputtered phase-equilibrium coating (Pt+γ’ and Pt-Cr+γ’ coating) were manufactured in this work. No TCPs appeared around the interface of coating/superalloy after being oxidized at 1150 ℃ for 1000 h. The addition of chromium changes the oxidation kinetics of Pt-Cr+γ’ coating both in transient and steady oxidation stage. In transient-oxidation stage, chromium accelerates the transition of aluminum oxide from θ-Al2O3 to α-Al2O3, which lowers the compressive stress in oxide scale. The presence of Cr in coating also refines the grain size of α-Al2O3 scale, which leads to a higher growth rate in the later steady oxidation-stage.Data availabilityAll the data included in this article are available upon request by contact the corresponding author.

In this work, the material of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy based (EIS-based) sensor was optimized to achieve in-situ electrolyte layer thickness (hs) monitoring under marine atmosphere. Results show that the sensor made by easy-corrosion materials not only can induce the high-frequency dispersion in EIS curves, but also cause unpredictable evolution of electrolyte conductivity, leading to an inaccurate measurement of hs. Nevertheless, the Ni sensor with a thin and corrosion-resistant oxide film can eliminate those distractions and achieve accurate hs response in dynamic environments. Finally, methods for optimizing EIS-based sensor were summarized, which paves a new way for hs monitoring.

Scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) can be applied for mapping of subsurface hydrogen in steels. The good spatial resolution is combined with poor quantification. Controversy, the electrochemical permeation technique (EPT) is extremely sensitive to hydrogen flux but has low spatial resolution. Thus, a local hydrogen quantification method using SKP measurements calibrated by EPT was developed. The fixed amount of hydrogen flux in mild steel membrane was obtained by cathodic polarization and was detected using the two methods. A semi-logarithmic relationship between SKP potential drop and the hydrogen sub-surface concentration underneath of the corroding surface was established. SKP quantification was applied for mapping the subsurface hydrogen in steel corroding under various atmospheric corrosion conditions.