AbstractZnO NPs have gained significant attention due to their unique various properties such as drug delivery, bio-sensing and promising bio-medical applications as well as other uses in different fields including photo-catalytic applications and anti-microbial activities. Different conventional techniques used toxic chemicals that cause innumerable health endangers owing to their toxicology and hazarding severe efforts for surroundings, but biological synthesis techniques are free of toxins. In the biogenic approach, various natural entities including extracts, micro-organisms and proteins have been employed as capping and reducing agents during the synthesis of NPs. These bio-sources have attracted researchers due to their influence on the structure, shape and size of prepared NPs. Among all, plant-mediated synthesis of ZnO NPs is more useful and easy to synthesize. The green synthesis of ZnO NPs using various bio-sources including microorganisms, plant extracts, and other proteins, their formation, and work in this field has been summarized in this article.

AbstractCopper oxide nanoparticle was biosynthesized using the petals of Catharanthus roseus, and it was found to exhibit anticancer activity in a human pancreatic cell line (PANC-1). The obtained nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and TEM techniques. XRD confirms the coexistence of CuO and Cu2O nanoparticles with an average grain size of 15 nm. FTIR spectra possess bands that indicate the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles. FESEM and TEM show spherical shape morphology with an average particle size of 19.6 nm to 32.6 nm. The synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles were tested for antibacterial activity, and the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a better zone of inhibition than standard streptomycin. The copper oxide nanoparticle was tested for anticancer activity in the PANC-1 line, and the results confirm that cells undergo cell shrinkage in the cytoplasm, which suggested the cytotoxic behavior. The viability of cells was evaluated by an inverted phase contrast microscope followed by the MTT assay method.

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been utilized in many gas sensor structures, individually or in hybrid form with other materials to enhance their gas sensing properties. CNT and CNT–ZnO nanowire structures were fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and hydrothermal growth methods to explore and compare their gas sensing properties. The morphologies of the fabricated samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Gas sensing properties of fabricated samples were assessed at different atmospheric and thermal conditions. Results verified CNT–ZnO has two times higher response than the CNT sample toward volatile organic compounds vapor at room temperature. A longer lifetime and more stability are other advantages of the CNT–ZnO hybrid. Moreover, it is shown that increasing the length of ZnO nanowires exhibits a higher response to examined analytes. It was found that increasing the temperature causes different sensing regimes in CNT and CNT–ZnO samples. At all ranges of temperatures, the resistance of CNT samples increased in the presence of reducing gases while CNT–ZnO samples exhibited similar behavior only below ∼90 °C. At elevated temperatures, their resistances decreased in response to the same gases.

AbstractIn this work, Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were prepared by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of 4,4′methylene dianiline nanopolymer (nPMDA) in the presence of Cu and Al electrodes. MOFs (nPMDA/Al and nPMDA/Cu) were used as adsorbents of dibenzothiophene (DBT) from simulated diesel fuel. The adsorbents were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and mapping techniques. The MOFs showed the highest adsorption capacity at an initial concentration of 30 mg/L, adsorbent dose of 0.12 g, and contact time of 120 min at room temperature. The highest sulfur removal efficiency was reached up to 79.9% and %71.8 for nPMDA/Al and nPMDA/Cu, respectively. Equilibrium empirical data have been fitted by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. It can be stated that the pseudo-second-order model more suited to the kinetic data related to DBT adsorption on MOFs adsorbent.

AbstractThe ligand ((E)-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylidene)amino)urea (HL) and its Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by conventional spectroscopic methods, elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and thermal analysis. The complexes show that the ligand disposes of as tridentate anionic (ONO) donor via deprotonated (OH)ring, (C = N)azomethine, and (C = O) functions with a ratio of metal:ligand (1:2) with Mn(II) and Co(II) ions. While, in Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes, HL acts as monobasic bidentate (NO) donor ligates through deprotonated (OH)ring and (C = N)azomethine with metal:ligand of 1:2. Zn(II) complex adopts tetrahedral and other complexes adopt octahedral geometry. DFT in the material studio package validates the geometry of ligand and metal complexes by measuring bond lengths and angles, HOMO, and LUMO. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were estimated from TGA-DTG curves. These complexes provide better activities against human prostatic cell line PC-3 than free ligand which is further verified by molecular docking studies.

AbstractThe current study reports a successful cation-selective electrode based on CoNiFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite to determine the Ce3+ ion. The results revealed this new nanocomposite can be applied as an excellent modifier in lieu of common organic modifiers that are used in the construction of ion-selective electrodes. The replacement of nanocomposite can significantly boost the performance of the electrode compared with organic modifiers. Under optimal conditions, the sensor exhibited a Nernstian slope of roughly 17.5 mV per decade in the linear range of 1.0 × 10−8–1.0 × 10−1 mol/L. Also, the detection limit was 7.0 × 10−9 mol/L. This electrochemical sensor showed a stable potential in 5 s. The optimum pH for electrode operation is in the range of 2–10. Among various interferences ions, this electrochemical sensor manifested high selectivity toward Ce3+ cation. The obtained results in analytical applications demonstrated the excellent ability of this electrode to determine Ce3+ cation via titration with ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid. Moreover, this indicator electrode was used for the measurement of Ce3+ cations in various samples.

AbstractA sequence of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives has been intended and synthesized using cerium-loaded CuO nanoparticles as a cost-effective catalyst. NMR spectral investigations were adopted for structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds. The generous quality of this nanocatalyst is high yield product, short reaction time, and a huge variety of substrates usage. The absorption and emission behavior of triazole derivatives were examined in diverse solvents. From the emission spectral inspections, we have been perceived that the emission band is shifted to a higher energy region by reason of the solvent polarity increases. The antibacterial activity of the compounds was tested with Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), and Gram-negative such as Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia), Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) and Escherichia Coli (E.coli). The compounds show excellent antibacterial activity against all the bacterial strains.

AbstractThis work presents a study on the effect of Pandanus amaryllifolius dye on the optical properties of zinc oxide nanoflakes synthesized via anodization method. ZnO films were synthesized by anodization method at different applied potentials of 4,8,12 and 16 V under optimum anodization time of 60 min. The synthesized samples were studied and characterized through X-Ray Diffraction, Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Microscope to evaluate their crystallinity, UV absorption, and surface morphological properties, respectively. The results showed that 12 V sample had the highest (100), (101) and (110) XRD intensity for ZnO and the intensity of the main peak (101) increased by approximately 50% after the adsorption of P. amaryllifolius dye. From the FESEM result, 12 V ZnO exhibited the most closely packed growth of nanoflakes. For optical properties characterized by UV-Vis, there was a significant 10% higher UV absorption sustained between 220–370 nm for the dye treated.

AbstractThe synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) using Papaya (Carica papaya) leaves extract was demonstrated in this study. The main components of Carica papaya leaves extracts were investigated through different phytochemical tests. These tests have been indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phytosterols, terpenoids, glycosides, and saponins in the extract. These secondary metabolites assist in the capping, stabilization, and reduction of metal oxide-based nanoparticles. Different analytical techniques were used to characterize CeO2 NPs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of O-H, C = O, C-O, Ce-O, Ce-C, etc. on the surface of green synthesized CeO2 NPs. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of biologically synthesized CeO2 NPs were investigated using well diffusion method. For Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus niger, the zones of inhibition around the CeO2 NPs were 34, 28, 38, 44, 36, and 34 mm, respectively.

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Ahead of Print, 2023)

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Vol. 53, No. 6, 2023)

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Ahead of Print, 2023)

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Ahead of Print, 2023)

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Ahead of Print, 2023)

AbstractAs-synthesized nanoparticles AgNPsAA prepared using ascorbic acid (AA) were post-functionalized with ligands, viz., 4-hydroxybenzhydrazide (BH) and with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (BTSC) to produce new silver nanoparticles, AgNPsAA-BH and AgNPsAA-BTSC. The nanoparticles were characterized by using UV–visible spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, P-XRD, SEM with EDX, and TEM techniques. The PXRD patterns of AgNPsAA, AgNPsAA-BH, and AgNPsAA-BTSC revealed diffraction peaks which correspond to (1 1 1), (2 0 0), (2 2 0), and (3 1 1) planes of face-cantered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure. The TEM images revealed spherical and agglomerated rod-like morphologies of as-synthesized and post-functionalized, respectively. The average particle sizes of AgNPsAA AgNPs@BH, and AgNPs@BTSC are found to be 28.4, 46.6, and 135.6 nm, respectively. The nanoparticles exhibited significant activity against bacteria, viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and fungal species, viz., Candida albicans. The post-functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPsAA-BH and AgNPsAA-BTSC) showed higher antimicrobial activity than as-synthesized AgNPsAA metal nanoparticles.

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Ahead of Print, 2023)

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Ahead of Print, 2023)

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Vol. 53, No. 5, 2023)

Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry (Vol. 53, No. 6, 2023)

AbstractIn this study, silver nanoparticles (PE-AgNPs) were synthesized using Premna esculenta (PE) leaf extract, characterized by UV, TEM, TEM-EDX, XRD, DLS, and ICPOES studies. AgNPs were found to be stable at −35 mV with 26.157 ppm concentration. AgNPs were found triangular in shape with an average size of about 44 nm. Hepatoprotective activity was assessed in animal model using silymarin as standard drug. Biochemical parameters (serum AST, ALT, γGT, ACP, and ALP), inflammatory markers (IL 1β, IL 17, TNF α, and IL 10), and antioxidant markers (GSH, SOD, Catalase, and LPO) were assayed. Liver tissue was processed for histological analysis. Induction of hepatotoxicity increases AST, ALT, γGT, ACP, ALP, IL 10, LPO, and decreases IL 1β, IL 17, TNF α, GSH, SOD, and Catalase. PE-AgNPs treatment significantly decreases IL 10, LPO while IL 1β, IL 17, TNF α, GSH, and SOD were increased in animals. PE-AgNPs partially recovered CCl4-induced changes in liver histology.