1. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  2. CDK
  3. AG-012986 dihydrochloride

AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) 是一种泛 CDK 抑制剂,其针对 CDK1Ki 值为 44 nM,针对 CDK4Ki 值为 9.2 nM,针对 CDK2Ki 值为 94 nM;针对 CDK5IC50 值为 22 nM,针对 CDK9IC50 值为 4 nM。AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) 通过靶向 p38 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 通路中的上游激酶并损害细胞存活,从而诱导 T 细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) 可诱导细胞周期阻滞、视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白低磷酸化,并降低 Ki-67 的表达。AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) 可在肿瘤细胞中发挥抗增殖活性,在人源异种移植模型中展现抗肿瘤功效,同时会引发视网膜毒性、外周神经毒性以及免疫细胞毒性。AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) 可用于结肠癌、非小细胞肺癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢肿瘤、胰腺癌、骨肉瘤、淋巴瘤、白血病及视网膜毒性的相关研究。

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AG-012986 dihydrochloride

AG-012986 dihydrochloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 486414-32-8

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  • 生物活性

  • 纯度 & 产品资料

  • 参考文献

生物活性

AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) is a pan-CDK inhibitor with Ki values of 44 nM (CDK1), 9.2 nM (CDK4), 94 nM (CDK2), and IC50 values of 22 nM (CDK5), 4 nM (CDK9). AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) causes apoptosis of T-cells by targeting upstream kinases in the p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and impairing cellular survival. AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) induces cell cycle arrest, retinoblastoma protein hypophosphorylation, and reduces Ki-67 expression. AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) exerts antiproliferative activity in tumor cells, demonstrates antitumor efficacy in human xenograft models, and causes retinal and peripheral neurotoxicity, plus immune cell toxicity. AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) can be used for the research of colon carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, lung carcinoma, breast carcinoma, ovarian tumor, pancreatic carcinoma, osteosarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia, retinotoxicity[1][2][3][4].

IC50 & Target[1]

CDK1

44 nM (Ki)

CDK2

94 nM (Ki)

CDK3/Cyclin E

46 nM (Ki)

Cdk4/cyclin D3

9.2 nM (Ki)

CDK5/p35

22 nM (IC50)

CDK7/cyclin H

0 nM (Ki)

CDK9/CycT1

4 nM (IC50)

体外研究
(In Vitro)

AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) 是一种强效、选择性泛 CDK 抑制剂,对 CDK4/细胞周期蛋白 D3 (Ki = 9.2 nmol/L)、CDK1/细胞周期蛋白 B (Ki = 44 nmol/L)、CDK2/细胞周期蛋白 A (Ki = 94 nmol/L)、CDK9/细胞周期蛋白 T (IC50 = 4 nmol/L) 和 CDK5/p35 (IC50 = 22 nmol/L) 具有纳摩尔级活性[1]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (0.837-2.44 μmol/L) 对非激酶靶点的脱靶活性有限,在微摩尔浓度下与 L 型钙离子通道、5-羟色胺转运体和组胺 H3 受体存在功能性相互作用[1]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (72 小时) 可强效抑制 18 种人肿瘤细胞系的增殖,平均 IC50 为 120 nmol/L,且其中 13 种细胞系的 IC50 值<100 nmol/L,该作用与 p53Rb 状态无关[1]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (60-240 nM;8-24 小时) 在处理 24 小时后可诱导人结肠癌细胞 HCT116 中 Rb Ser795 发生剂量依赖性低磷酸化,在>120 nM 时效应达到最大,但处理 8 小时后仅表现出极微弱的作用[1]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (30 nM-1 μM;8-24 小时) 可在处理 24 小时后,于 30 至 120 nM 浓度下诱导人结肠癌细胞 HCT116 发生 G1 期阻滞,在≥240 nM 浓度下诱导其发生 G2-M 期阻滞,但暴露时长<8 h 时不会诱导细胞周期阻滞[1]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (30-240 nM;8-24 小时) 可诱导人结肠癌细胞 HCT116 发生凋亡,处理 24 小时后的 IC50 约为 160 nM,但处理 8 小时后无凋亡效应[1]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (10-1000 nM;8-320 小时) 在人结肠癌细胞 SW620 中表现出时间依赖性细胞毒性:作用 8 小时后活性极低,24 小时后呈现中等活性 (IC50 = 300 nmol/L),作用 ≥72 小时后则具有显著细胞毒性 (IC50 <100 nmol/L)[1]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) 在无细胞 KINOMEscan 分析中表现出对多种 CDK 亚型的结合抑制作用,对 CDK11、CDK16 和 CDK17 的 IC50 值与无神经毒性的 NVP-2 相近[2]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (200-500 nM;24 小时) 可在人 MIO-M1 Müller 细胞中诱导剂量依赖性细胞毒性,孵育 24 小时后,200 nM 浓度下可观察到细胞活力显著下降、细胞死亡增加,500 nM 浓度下作用效果达到峰值[2]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (250 nM;16 小时) 可诱导原代人外周血单个核细胞 (PBMCs) 快速发生凋亡/坏死,80%的细胞呈现 PI/Annexin-V 双阳性[3]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (50 nM-1 μM;8-48 h) 可在体外以剂量依赖方式激活人原代 PBMC 中的 caspase-3/7,在 50 nM、200 nM 或 1 μM 处理后 16-24 h 达到活性峰值[3]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (50 nM-200 nM;8 小时) 可诱导原代人外周血单核细胞 (PBMCs) 中 caspase-3PARP 的裂解,在以 50 nM 或 200 nM 处理 8 小时后,证实其可引发 caspase 介导的细胞凋亡[3]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (10 nM-500 nM;16 小时) 在以 ATP 含量降低和 caspase-3/7 活性升高为检测指标的实验中对原代人 PBMC 的细胞毒性高于星形孢菌素[3]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (50 nM-250 nM;20 分钟) 的毒性特征会因 T 细胞的急性刺激而改变[3]

AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (20 nM-500 nM) 可抑制经其预处理并经 24 小时 α-CD3 抗体刺激的纯化原代人 T 细胞中由 α-CD3 诱导的增殖;然而,α-CD3 刺激使得这种抗增殖活性与 AG-012986 诱导的毒性相分离[3]

AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (20 nM-500 nM;48 小时) 可呈剂量依赖性抑制纯化的原代人 T 细胞中 α-CD3 诱导的 IL-2 产生,20 nM 浓度下观察到 IL-2 产生量降低至原来的 1/5[3]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (50 nM-250 nM;20 分钟预处理) 可抑制经 50 nM 或 250 nM 预处理 20 分钟、随后在有或无刺激条件下孵育 16 小时的纯化原代人 T 细胞中基础水平及 α-CD3 诱导的 p38 磷酸化[3]
AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (250 nM;16 小时) 可迅速诱导 PBMC 凋亡,且与细胞分裂无关[4]

AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (50-200 nM;8 小时) 诱导 p17 和 p19 以及 PARP 裂解体的表达[4]

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HCT116 human colon cancer cells
Concentration: 60 nM; 120 nM; 240 nM
Incubation Time: 8 h; 24 h
Result: Showed minimal effect on Rb Ser795 phosphorylation after treatment with up to 240 nM for 8 hours.
Induced dose-dependent hypophosphorylation of Rb Ser795 after treatment with 60 to 240 nM for 24 hours, with maximal effects at >120 nM.

Cell Cycle Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HCT116 human colon cancer cells
Concentration: 30 nM; 60 nM; 120 nM; 240 nM; 480 nM; 720 nM; 1 μM
Incubation Time: 24 h; <8 h
Result: Caused accumulation of cells in the G1 phase after treatment with 30 to 120 nM for 24 hours.
Caused accumulation of cells in the G2-M phase after treatment with ≥240 nM for 24 hours.
Failed to induce any cell cycle arrest after transient exposure (<8 hours) to up to 1 μM.

Apoptosis Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HCT116 human colon cancer cells
Concentration: 120 nM; 240 nM
Incubation Time: 8 h; 24 h
Result: Induced no apoptosis after 8 hours of treatment at any concentration.
Induced a greater proportion of apoptotic cells after treatment with ≥120 nM for 24 hours, with an IC50 of ≈160 nM.

Cell Cytotoxicity Assay[1]

Cell Line: SW620 human colon carcinoma cells
Concentration: 10 nM; 100 nM; 1000 nM
Incubation Time: 8 h; 24 h; 72 h; 320 h
Result: Showed minimal cytotoxic activity after 8 hours of treatment.
Showed moderate activity with an IC50 of 300 nmol/L after 24 hours.
Showed substantial cytotoxicity with an IC50 <100 nmol/L at treatment durations ≥72 hours, with near-complete cell kill at 1000 nM after 320 hours.

Cell Viability Assay[2]

Cell Line: human Müller cell line MIO-M1
Concentration: 200 nM; 500 nM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Caused a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability (measured via MTS assay) and a corresponding dose-dependent increase in cell death (measured via LDH release).
Reduced cell viability by ~25% relative to controls at maximal response.
Increased LDH release by ~2-fold relative to controls at maximal response.
Produced significant effects at 200 nM.
Achieved maximal response at 500 nM.

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: primary human PBMCs
Concentration: 50 nM; 200 nM
Incubation Time: 8 h
Result: Induced cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP.

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: purified primary human T cells
Concentration: 50 nM; 250 nM; 50 nM plus α-CD3 antibody (1 μg/mL; 24 h); 250 nM plus α-CD3 antibody (1 μg/mL; 24 h)
Incubation Time: 20 min
Result: Showed almost a complete lack of active capase-3 after 24 h stimulation with CD3 antibody.

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: purified primary human T cells
Concentration: 50 nM; 250 nM; 50 nM plus plate-bound α-CD3 antibody (1 μg/mL; 16 h); 250 nM plus plate-bound α-CD3 antibody (1 μg/mL; 16 h)
Incubation Time: 20 min
Result: Inhibited both basal and α-CD3-induced p38 phosphorylation in purified primary human T cells with or without stimulation.

Apoptosis Analysis[4]

Cell Line: human donor PBMCs
Concentration: 250 nM
Incubation Time: 16 h
Result: Induced apoptosis in approximately 80% of the cells.

Western Blot Analysis[4]

Cell Line: human donor PBMCs
Concentration: 50 nM; 200 nM
Incubation Time: 8 h
Result: Induced the presence of p17 and p19 and the cleaved form of PARP.
药代动力学
(Parmacokinetics)
Species Dose Route Cmax AUC0-24 AUC0-t AUC T1/2
Mice[1] 6, 12, 25, 50, 75 mg/kg i.p. 1.08 μg/mL / / 1.32 μg·h/mL 1 h
Mice[1] 10, 20, 40 mg/kg s.c. 0.182 μg/mL 3.92 μg·h/mL 27.5 μg·h/mL / /
体内研究
(In Vivo)

AG-012986 (dihydrochloride) (8.8-40 mg/kg;皮下注射;每天;持续 12 天) 在 11 种人源异种移植肿瘤模型中的 10 种均表现出强效的、剂量依赖性抗肿瘤效力,在最大耐受剂量或接近最大耐受剂量时肿瘤生长抑制率 >83%,且其效力与持续的最低有效血浆水平相关,而非血浆峰值浓度[1]。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Severe combined immunodeficient; athymic NCr-nu/nu (human tumor xenograft model, implanted s.c. with 2 million COLO205 or H522 cells in 30% Matrigel)[1]
Dosage: 20 mg/kg; 40 mg/kg; 8.8 mg/kg; 17.5 mg/kg; 35 mg/kg
Administration: s.c.; once a day for 12 d
Result: Induced 94.7% TGI and a net log tumor cell kill of 1.20 in COLO205 colon carcinoma models at 40 mg/kg daily for 12 days.
Induced 71.3% TGI and a net log tumor cell kill of 0.64 in COLO205 colon carcinoma models at 20 mg/kg daily for 12 days.
Induced 22.2% TGI and a negative net log tumor cell kill of -0.21 in COLO205 colon carcinoma models at 10 mg/kg daily for 12 days.
Animal Model: Severe combined immunodeficient; athymic NCr-nu/nu (human tumor xenograft model, implanted i.p. with 2 million COLO205 cells in 30% Matrigel)[1]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg; 20 mg/kg; 40 mg/kg
Administration: i.p.; single application
Result: Reduced Rb Ser795 phosphorylation by >80% and induced PARP cleavage in COLO205 tumor tissue at 24 hours post single 20 or 40 mg/kg i.p. dose.
Reduced Rb Ser795 phosphorylation by 50% and did not induce PARP cleavage in COLO205 tumor tissue at 24 hours post single 10 mg/kg i.p. dose.
Significantly decreased BrdUrd uptake (S phase activity) in COLO205 tumors between 12 and 24 hours post single 20 mg/kg i.p. dose.
分子量

532.43

Formula

C22H25Cl2F2N5O2S

CAS 号
运输条件

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

储存方式

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

纯度 & 产品资料
参考文献

AG-012986 dihydrochloride 相关分类

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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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