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Substituent effects in nucleophiles on activation parameters in the bimolecular nucleophilic reactions in solution†
New Journal of Chemistry Pub Date : 04/14/2010 00:00:00 , DOI:10.1039/C0NJ00058B
Abstract

Changes of the activation parameters, ΔH and ΔS, in the SN2, SNV, AdN, SNAr and acyl-transfer reactions with phenol, aniline and pyridine nucleophiles in various solvents were correlated with σ constants of the substituents in the aromatic ring of the nucleophiles. The resultant δΔH and δΔS reaction constants are linearly related for variations of substituents at the nucleophile. Correlation of δΔHvs. δΔS allow the estimation of the contribution of changes of the internal enthalpy, δΔHint, to the enthalpy reaction constant, δΔH, which gives a single linear dependence on the Hammett ρ reaction constants for all bimolecular nucleophilic reactions. The deviations from dependence of δΔHintvs. ρ can be interpreted in terms of changes of the transition state structure or reaction mechanism. The results obtained show that the substituent effects in the nucleophiles on the charge development in the transition state are governed by the magnitude of δΔHint.

Graphical abstract: Substituent effects in nucleophiles on activation parameters in the bimolecular nucleophilic reactions in solution
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