2. Academic Validation
  3. Fungal variegatic acid and extracellular polysaccharides promote the site-specific generation of reactive oxygen species

Fungal variegatic acid and extracellular polysaccharides promote the site-specific generation of reactive oxygen species

  • J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Mar;44(3):329-338. doi: 10.1007/s10295-016-1889-5.
Yuan Zhu 1 2,  James Mahaney 3,  Jody Jellison 4,  Jinzhen Cao 5,  Julia Gressler 6,  Dirk Hoffmeister 6,  Barry Goodell 7
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
  • 2 Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
  • 3 Edward Via Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
  • 4 Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, 319 Stockbridge Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
  • 5 MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China. caoj@bjfu.edu.cn.
  • 6 Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology at the Hans Knöll Institute, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany.
  • 7 Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Barry.Goodell@gmail.com.
PMID: 28032229 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1889-5
Abstract

This study aims to clarify the role of variegatic acid (VA) in Fungal attack by Serpula lacrymans, and also the generation and scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by the fungus. VA promotes a mediated Fenton reaction to generated ROS after oxalate solubilizes oxidized forms of iron. The Fungal extracellular matrix (ECM) β-glucan scavenged ROS, and we propose this as a mechanism to protect the Fungal hyphae while ROS generation is promoted to deconstruct the lignocellulose cell wall. A relatively high pH (4.4) also favored Fe(III) transfer from oxalate to VA as opposed to a lower pH (2.2) conditions, suggesting a pH-dependent Fe(III) transfer to VA employed by S. lacrymans. This permits ROS generation within the higher pH of the cell wall, while limiting ROS production near the Fungal hyphae, while β-glucan from the Fungal ECM scavenges ROS in the more acidic environments surrounding the Fungal hyphae.

Keywords

Fe(III) reduction; Fungal extracellular matrix; Fungal sheath; Radical scavengers; Reactive oxygen species; Serpula lacrymans; Variegatic acid; β-Glucan.

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