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  3. Estrogenic activity of benzotriazole UV stabilizers evaluated through in vitro assays and computational studies

Estrogenic activity of benzotriazole UV stabilizers evaluated through in vitro assays and computational studies

  • Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jul 20:727:138549. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138549.
Hongru Feng 1,  Huiming Cao 2,  Juan Li 3,  Haiyan Zhang 4,  Qiao Xue 3,  Xian Liu 3,  Aiqian Zhang 5,  Jianjie Fu 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China.
  • 4 College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
  • 5 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address: aqzhang@rcees.ac.cn.
  • 6 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: jjfu@rcees.ac.cn.
PMID: 32330715 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138549
Abstract

Benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVs) are used in a variety of products to prevent yellowing and degradation. However, knowledge of the estrogenic activity of BUVs is still lacking. In the present study, a strategy combining in vitro assays and computational studies was adopted to evaluate the estrogenic activity of BUVs. 2-(2-Hydroxy-5-methlphenyl) benzotriazole (UV-P), 2-(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-PS), and 2-(3-Allyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole (UV-9) induced partial estrogenic activity while 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octyl-phenyl)benzotriazole (UV-329), 2-(3-s-butyl-5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-350), and 3-(2H-benzotriazolyl)-5- (1,1-di-methylethyl)-4-hydroxy-benzene-propanoic acid octyl esters (UV-384) showed no estrogenic activity in MVLN assays. The results of in vitro assays were in accord with the results of computational studies. Moreover, ICI 182,780 suppressed the estrogenic activity of BUVs both in the absence and presence of E2, demonstrating that the estrogen responsive element (ERE) transcription activities of BUVs are generated through an Estrogen receptor (ER) mediated pathway. Our findings suggest that the endocrine disruption effects of BUVs are a cause for concern.

Keywords

Endocrine disruption; Environmental contamination; Estrogen receptor; MVLN assay; Molecular docking and dynamics simulation.

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